Major OS GUI Interface Designs Through History
Here is a list of some of the major designs and changes to Operating System GUIs over the years.
The first computer to use a GUI was the
Xerox Alto in 1973:
The
Xerox 8010 Star (1981, AKA Xerox Star, ViewPoint, GlobalView) was the first computer to refer to itself as a Fully Integrated Desktop Computer. This interface reminds me of what would later be the interface of Mac OS.
Apple Lisa Office System 1 (1983, AKA Lisa OS) was the forerunner to Mac OS. It was soon to be replaced by the Mac Operating System which was more affordable.
Visi On (1984) was the first GUI for the IBM PC and used a mouse, but only text instead of icons.
Mac System Software 1.0 (1984, AKA Mac OS) it was window based with icons, windows could be moved with the mouse and files and folders could be copied by dragging and dropping them.
Amiga Workbench 1.0 (1985) far ahead of it’s time it included colour graphics (black, white, blue and orange) and multi-state icons which could appear to be selected or unselected.
Windows 1.0 (1985) this was Microsoft’s first venture into to the realm of GUIs.
GEOS (1986) was originally create for the Commodore 64.
Windows 2.0 (1987) windows can now be maximised, Minimised and resized.
OS/2 1.0 (1988) only supported monochrome fixed icons.
NeXTSTEP (1989) created by Steve Jobs after he was fired from Apple, it had bigger (48x48) icons and more colours.
Windows 3 (1990) added higher resolutions and a unified style.
Mac OS System 7 (1991) the first Mac OS to support colours.
Windows 95 (1995) was a major redesign from the ground up to MS Windows and for the first time in Windows OS added a close button to each window and the now famous Windows Task Bar.
OS/2 Warp 4 (1996) for the first time in OS/2 it added the Shredder, similar to Windows’ Recycle Bin but it deleted the files completely as soon as you used it.
Mac OS System 8 (1997) used 256 colour icons by default and used what later became known pseudo-3D icons.
Windows 98 (1998) looks very similar to Win95 but GUI could use more than 256 colours.
KDE 1.0 (1998) an open-source GUI aimed mostly at Unix and Linux operating systems. It has a visual style very similar to Windows 95/98.
BeOS (1999) was developed with a goal of being a GUI with a clean and uncluttered design.
Gnome 1.0 (1999) another popular Linux GUI.
Mac OS X (2001) the Operating System that would revolutionise the computer experience. Icons would be a default of 128x128 with transparency and anti-aliasing. Steve Jobs said at its announcement “One of the design goals was when you saw it you wanted to lick it.”.
Windows XP (2001) the XP interface was Microsoft’s answer to the 2000 announcement of the OS X Aqua interface. XP’s interface was fully skinnable. However unlike the Mac OS X’s 128x128 icons XP’s icons were still only 48x48.
Windows Vista (2007) added a lot of 3D animations to the interface, plus a new shiny glass theme called Aero.
Mac OS X 10.5 (2007, AKA Leopard) changed the Dock to a new 3D look and made the system Menu Bar transparent.
Gnome 2.24 (2008) now uses a more Mac like design.
KDE 4 (2008) added adjustable icon sizes, desktop widgets and a new theme.
Mac OS X 10.7 (2011, AKA Lion) Lion made two main new changes to the interface’s design. It added a full-screen button to the top right of every window with full-screen support and also made scroll-bars transparent. The new scroll-bars are also invisible unless being used or you hover over them.
References:
Gyorgy Fekete. (2009). Operating System Interface Design Between 1981-2009. Available: http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2009/03/operating-system-interface-design-between-1981-2009/. Last accessed 23 Apr 2012.
N/A. (N/A). Aqua (user interface). Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqua_(user_interface). Last accessed 23 Apr 2012.